-
文圣拳的健康养生功能价值研究（中英文版本）
2024-10-10 10:03:28
文圣拳是中华武术中一朵瑰丽的奇葩，源于孔孟之乡，历史悠久，文化底蕴深厚，距今已有四百多年历史。上世纪八十年代被称为“山东四大名拳之一”，国家非物质文化遗产，被誉称为“中华历史文化名拳”。文圣拳是一部蕴含深厚民族文化内涵的健身养生与实战功夫，是道家、佛家、儒家、墨家、兵家、医家等传统文化的集大成者，它是由道家静坐修炼养生之法与古代沙场征战中马上所使用的大刀、大枪和开弓射箭的动作和实战技法相结合的优秀拳法，拳势综合各家拳法和器械动作之长，其特点古朴自然，松沉稳健，刚柔相济，圆通浑厚，简捷实用。它以养生健身强身、修身养性为主，同时具有极强的实战威力。由于修炼文圣拳运动的百岁老人颇多，故人们又称之为“长寿拳”。
一、文圣拳健身养生理论基础
文圣拳以顺应自然、合乎自然的运动方式为拳术思想，动作符合人体运动生理规律。它深受《黄帝内经》《黄庭经》《洗髓经》及河络文化与中医理论影响，拳势兼具《五禽戏》《易筋经》《八段锦》之特点，一招一势，一开一合，一关一窍，一阴一阳，都合于天地自然之道，处处讲究阴阳平衡，是一种追求后天返先天的长寿运动。文圣拳不是一般现代意义上的有氧运动，它以阴阳五行八卦理论为指导，通过典型的符合科学规律的人体健身运动形式，步步如桩，导内气，通经络，养脏腑，强筋骨，内外兼练，性命双修，体现了先人养生功夫精华，独具民族文化健身养生特色。可以有效地调节各器官组织系统功能，改善免疫系统机能，促进血液循环，预防心脑血管疾病，提高身心平衡能力，增强柔韧性，调解内分泌，增强消化功能，促进营养吸收，提高心理健康，具有内壮肺腑、外强筋骨、祛病延年与修身养性的效能，特别是对于亚健康与慢性病者有良好的改善和治愈效果。
二、文圣拳的特点
文圣拳浓缩中华武功之精华，只有五式，大道至简，天道自然，无蹿蹦跳跃高难度动作，老少皆宜，易学易练，适合不同体质的人练习，五步之内就可以练拳，一步之内亦可练拳，行、走、坐、卧皆可练拳。它用意念统领全身，意纳穴窍，以意领气，以气催力，气到力到，意气力合一。它的动作徐缓舒畅，松沉稳健，圆通连贯，沾连粘随，连绵不断，势势相承，意气相随，周身一体，练习时有如飘然腾云之意境，如“拳如大海，滔滔而不绝”。文圣拳集内外家功夫之长，拳理通万家，柔中寓刚，刚柔相济，八方运化，凝聚了古代先哲和历代先师前辈的智慧，是古典哲学和生命科学与武术力量的完善结合。文圣拳有五大特点：古朴自然，中正和谐，阴阳平衡，整体运动，意气结合；有五大内功要素：松静，呼吸，用意，穴窍，内劲；有五大拳理基础：对称运动，杠杆巧用，弧形轨迹，整体间架，丹田中心；有五大价值功能：强身，修身，寿身，医身和防身。它是一门古老的内家拳术，一种博大精深的文化，一种强身健体、修身养性、提升个人修为的有效途径。文圣拳功法涉及到自然科学、生物力学、物理力学、运动力学以及生理心理等学科，不仅注重外部形体的变化，更注重人体内心精神意志和内部脏器的变化和提升。它是一门既能健身养生，又能实战技击的拳法，它文武合场的武学文化在中华武术中独具魅力。
三、文圣拳的健康价值功能
文圣拳以道家静坐修炼养生之法为核心，呼吸吐纳，炼精化气，炼气化神，炼神还虚，返璞归真，是一种典型的适合于东方人健身养生特点的拳法。它以通畅人体经脉，平衡人体气血脏腑，养练精气神聚合内劲能量为主，以锻练筋骨皮和身法肢节外在协调的运动为辅，具有显著的健身养生功能和价值。它以头趟架为基础，结合内功静坐修炼，是历代先师千百年来对生命科学探索的智慧结晶，非常符合现代科学原理。这是一门哲学智慧的拳种，阴与阳、刚与柔、快与慢、动与静、内与外、上与下、虚与实、收与发等矛盾体互容、互换、互生、互随，相生相克，具有深厚的哲理性。
文圣拳追求心意与运动的高度融合，通过意念引导，使动作更加自然流畅，以形体的外部运动，带动内部五脏六腑的运动。功法上深受中国传统“天人合一”观影响，内含阴阳五行八卦，崇尚自然、清静与和谐，主张顺应自然规律，充分发挥自身的主观能动性。它把拳术动作与道家的导引吐纳长生术相结合，注重意识、呼吸和动作的内外统一。同时把拳术的螺旋缠丝运动、力学杠杆原理、对称平衡运动以及弧形运动和中国传统的“五行学说”、中医学经络理论相结合，有效的强化人体血液循环系统、经络运行系统、消化沁尿系统等各系统不断运行的过程，发挥和激发人体最大潜能，以达到练气、增力、祛病健身、延年益寿和技击的效能。练习时注重拳理内含，表现在外是整体协调对称、动作松沉扩放、合理地进行弧形轨迹运动，以求内外整体协调之美。强调由内而外、由根至梢；由下而上、由后至前的整体运动。经常坚持这项运动，可以有效调节身体阴阳平衡，补益肾精，内壮肺腑，外强筋骨，畅通经络，外邪不侵，祛病健身，防止早衰，延缓衰老，延年益寿。
行拳时要求松静自然，气沉丹田，呼吸匀、细、深、长、缓，强调放松肌肉，“一动无有不动”“以心行气”“以气运身”“气贯四梢”，有利于增强血管壁的弹性和血流循环，改善大脑细胞的氧气和营养供应，也有利于对微血管的锻炼，促进微循环，对降低血脂、增大肺活量、增强心肌营养、预防和延缓中枢神经细胞衰老均有良好的效果。文圣拳舒缓自然的运动形式，可以促进青少年发育，改善体形，强健体魄，提升身体的耐力和爆发力，对于中老年人也是一项很好的体育运动。训练过程是产生内变的过程，可以改善体质，有病去病，无病强身。在注重健身、强身、防身、养生功能外，同时将人的精神、品德自我修养作为修炼的最高境界，从而达到精神和意志品质的升华。科学实验证明文圣拳对人类健康有着重要影响，其长寿学研究引起运动医学界广泛关注。
四、文圣拳养生思想
文圣拳养生思想源于传统导引吐纳术，讲究天人合一，内外兼修，形神合一。它深受道、释、儒、墨、兵、医及儒释道三教合一文化影响，将道家的自然观、儒家仁爱观、佛家的慈悲观融入拳学之中，体现终身追寻人与自然和谐的养生思想。道家对文圣拳的辩证思维特色和强身健体、修心养性及审美观点的形成起了重要作用，要求清静为本，抱一守虚，固先天之本，养后天之气，强肾补精，调节气血，平衡阴阳，体现了古代中医辩证的哲学观。习练此拳可以在短时间内改变体质，调整新陈代谢，恢复自然，增加生命本源的精气神，对人类的身心健康有着重要的促进作用。
文圣拳重武德，讲武学，它与人生哲学连在一起，从内到外修养身心；把心态平衡、延年益寿、精神信仰融成一团，兼而得之。它静心养性、动中求静、刚柔相济的运动方式，将道家中身、法、意、语等受之于心，持之以身，将清静无为与儒家的中庸思想及佛家的“戒、定、慧”修持贯彻于武术运动之中，促进“德”与“艺”相统一，在实践中发挥武术的健身养生价值和修身养性功用。动以保阳，静以养阴，动静结合，阴阳平衡，乃圣功长寿之要诀。
五、结论
文圣拳是中华武术中最具有丰富历史文化内涵的拳术之一，是古老养生术的集中代表。它崇尚清静自然，以练气养生为主，静中有动，柔中带刚，主张顺应自然规律。它把拳术动作与道家的导引、吐纳长生术相结合，注重意识、呼吸和动作的内外统一，具有显著的健康养生价值。它简单易学，实用有效，易于推广，成为当今全民健身运动的首选体育项目之一。在现代顺应世界大健康事业潮流中，文圣拳健身养生价值和功能，必将为构建人类健康命运共同体和健康中国建设做出新贡献。
2024年9月5日
Research on the Health Preservation Function Value of Wensheng Fist
Wensheng Quan is a magnificent and unique Chinese martial art, originating from the hometown of Confucius and Mencius. It has a long history and profound cultural heritage, with a history of more than 400 years. In the 1980s, it was known as one of the "Four Famous Fists of Shandong", a national intangible cultural heritage, and was hailed as a "Chinese Historical and Cultural Famous Fist". Wensheng Quan is a fitness and practical martial art that contains profound national cultural connotations. It is the culmination of traditional cultures such as Taoism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Mohism, military, and medicine. It is an excellent boxing technique that combines the Taoist meditation and health preservation method with the movements and practical techniques of the large sword, spear, bow and arrow used in ancient battlefield battles. The fist movements integrate the strengths of various boxing techniques and equipment movements, and its characteristics are simple and natural, relaxed and steady, with a balance of hardness and softness, roundness and richness, and simplicity and practicality. It is mainly focused on health and fitness, self-cultivation, and has strong practical power. Due to the large number of centenarians practicing Wensheng Quan, it is also known as' Changshou Quan '.
1、 Theoretical basis of Wensheng Quan fitness and health preservation
Wensheng Quan is based on the idea of following and following natural movements, and its movements conform to the physiological laws of human movement. It is deeply influenced by the Huangdi Neijing, Huangting Jing, Xisui Jing, as well as the He Luo culture and traditional Chinese medicine theory. Its martial arts combine the characteristics of Wuqinxi, Yijin Jing, and Baduanjin, with one move and one momentum, one opening and one closing, one closing and one opening, one closing and one opening, one yin and one yang, all in accordance with the natural way of heaven and earth. It emphasizes the balance of yin and yang in every aspect and is a longevity movement that pursues the return to innate nature after birth. Wensheng Boxing is not an aerobic exercise in the general modern sense. It is guided by the theory of Yin Yang, five elements and eight trigrams. Through a typical form of human body fitness exercise that conforms to scientific laws, it moves like stakes, guides internal qi, channels, nourishes viscera, strengthens muscles and bones, practices both inside and outside, and cultivates both life and soul. It embodies the essence of the ancestors' health preserving kungfu, and has unique national culture health preserving characteristics. It can effectively regulate the functions of various organ and tissue systems, improve immune system function, promote blood circulation, prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, improve physical and mental balance, enhance flexibility, regulate endocrine function, enhance digestive function, promote nutrient absorption, and improve mental health. It has the effects of strengthening the lungs and bones internally, strengthening the muscles and bones externally, dispelling diseases and prolonging life, and cultivating oneself. Especially for sub-health and chronic disease patients, it has good improvement and healing effects.
2、 Characteristics of Wensheng Fist
Wen Sheng Quan concentrates the essence of Chinese martial arts. There are only five moves. The main road is simple, the way of heaven is natural, and there is no high difficulty movement of jumping and jumping. It is suitable for all ages. It is easy to learn and practice. It is suitable for people of different physiques to practice boxing. You can practice boxing within five steps, one step, walking, sitting and lying. It commands the whole body with its thoughts, absorbs the acupoints and orifices with its thoughts, leads the qi with its thoughts, urges the power with its qi, and combines the qi with the power, resulting in the unity of spirit and power. Its movements are slow and comfortable, steady and steady, round and coherent, sticky and continuous, with momentum and spirit following each other, and the whole body is integrated. When practicing, it feels like floating clouds, like "fists are like the sea, surging and endless". Wensheng Fist combines the strengths of both domestic and foreign martial arts, with a profound understanding of martial arts. It combines softness with strength, and blends strength and softness, embodying the wisdom of ancient philosophers and predecessors throughout history. It is a perfect combination of classical philosophy, life sciences, and martial arts. Wensheng Quan has five major characteristics: simplicity and naturalness, harmony between the central and upright, balance between yin and yang, overall movement, and combination of spirit and spirit; There are five major internal strength elements: relaxation and stillness, breathing, intention, acupoints and orifices, and internal strength; There are five fundamental principles of boxing: symmetrical movement, skillful use of leverage, curved trajectory, overall framework, and dantian center; There are five major value functions: strengthening the body, self-cultivation, longevity, medical treatment, and self-defense. It is an ancient martial art, a profound and extensive culture, and an effective way to strengthen the body, cultivate oneself, and enhance personal cultivation. The Wensheng Quan technique involves disciplines such as natural science, biomechanics, physical mechanics, sports mechanics, and physiology and psychology. It not only focuses on changes in external form, but also on changes and improvements in the inner spirit, willpower, and internal organs of the human body. It is a martial art that can not only promote fitness and health, but also provide practical combat skills. Its martial arts culture that combines culture and martial arts has unique charm in Chinese martial arts.
3、 The Health Value and Function of Wensheng Fist
Wensheng Quan is based on the Taoist practice of sitting quietly for health preservation. It involves breathing and exhaling, refining refined qi, refining qi and transforming spirit, refining spirit and returning to simplicity. It is a typical martial art suitable for the fitness and health characteristics of Eastern people. It is mainly used to smooth the meridians of the human body, balance the blood, qi, and organs, nourish the essence, qi, and spirit, and gather internal energy. It is supplemented by exercises that exercise the muscles, bones, skin, and external coordination of the body, limbs, and joints, and has significant fitness and health benefits and value. It is based on the first hurdle and combined with internal meditation practice, which is the wisdom crystallization of life science exploration by ancient masters for thousands of years, and is very in line with modern scientific principles. This is a martial art of philosophical wisdom, in which contradictory entities such as yin and yang, rigidity and softness, speed and slowness, movement and stillness, internal and external, upper and lower, virtual and real, collection and release are mutually compatible, interchangeable, interdependent, and mutually reinforcing, possessing profound philosophical significance.
Wensheng Quan pursues a high degree of integration between intention and movement, guiding movements with thoughts to make them more natural and smooth. Through external movements of the body, it drives the movement of the internal organs and viscera. In terms of martial arts, it is deeply influenced by the traditional Chinese concept of "unity of heaven and man", which contains yin and yang, five elements, and eight trigrams. It advocates nature, tranquility, and harmony, and advocates following the laws of nature and fully exerting one's subjective initiative. It combines martial arts movements with Taoist guidance, breathing, and longevity techniques, emphasizing the internal and external unity of consciousness, breathing, and movement. At the same time, combining the spiral winding movement, mechanical lever principle, symmetrical balance movement, and curved movement of boxing with the traditional Chinese "Five Elements Theory" and the meridian theory of traditional Chinese medicine, effectively strengthens the continuous operation of various systems such as the human blood circulation system, meridian operation system, digestion and urinary system, and unleashes the maximum potential of the human body to achieve the effects of qi training, strength enhancement, disease elimination and fitness, longevity and martial arts. During practice, pay attention to the internal principles of boxing, which are manifested in overall coordination and symmetry, relaxed and relaxed movements, and reasonable curved trajectory movements, in order to achieve the beauty of overall coordination between the inside and outside. Emphasize from the inside out and from the root to the tip; The overall movement from bottom to top and back to front. Regular adherence to this exercise can effectively regulate the balance of yin and yang in the body, nourish kidney essence, strengthen the lungs internally, strengthen muscles and bones externally, unblock meridians, prevent external pathogens from invading, eliminate diseases and exercise, prevent premature aging, delay aging, and prolong life.
When punching, it is required to be calm and natural, with a deep and steady breath, even, thin, deep, long, and slow breathing. Emphasis should be placed on relaxing muscles, "moving without hesitation", "moving with the heart", "moving with the heart", "moving with the body", and "passing through the four ends". This is beneficial for enhancing the elasticity of blood vessel walls and blood circulation, improving the oxygen and nutrient supply to brain cells, and also for exercising microvessels, promoting microcirculation. It has good effects on reducing blood lipids, increasing lung capacity, enhancing myocardial nutrition, preventing and delaying central nervous system cell aging. Wensheng Quan is a soothing and natural form of exercise that can promote adolescent development, improve body shape, strengthen the physique, enhance endurance and explosive power, and is also a great sport for middle-aged and elderly people. The training process is a process of internal transformation, which can improve physical fitness, eliminate diseases when they occur, and strengthen the body when there is no disease. In addition to emphasizing the functions of fitness, strengthening the body, self-defense, and health preservation, we also regard the self-cultivation of human spirit and morality as the highest level of cultivation, in order to achieve the sublimation of spiritual and willpower qualities. Scientific experiments have shown that Wensheng Quan has a significant impact on human health, and its longevity research has attracted widespread attention in the field of sports medicine.
4、 Wensheng Quan's health preservation philosophy
The concept of health preservation in Wensheng Quan originates from the traditional technique of guided breathing, which emphasizes the unity of heaven and man, internal and external cultivation, and the unity of form and spirit. It is deeply influenced by the culture of Taoism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Mohism, martial arts, medicine, and the integration of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism. It integrates the Taoist view of nature, the Confucian view of benevolence, and the Buddhist view of compassion into martial arts, reflecting a lifelong pursuit of harmony between humans and nature for health preservation. Taoism has played an important role in the dialectical thinking characteristics, physical fitness, mind cultivation, and aesthetic views of Wensheng Quan. It requires tranquility as the foundation, holding onto one's deficiency, consolidating the innate essence, nourishing the acquired qi, strengthening the kidneys and replenishing essence, regulating qi and blood, balancing yin and yang, reflecting the philosophical view of ancient Chinese medicine's argumentation. Practicing this fist can quickly change physical constitution, adjust metabolism, restore nature, increase the essence and spirit of the source of life, and have an important promoting effect on human physical and mental health.
Wensheng Quan emphasizes martial ethics and teaches martial arts. It is linked to the philosophy of life and cultivates the body and mind from the inside out; Integrating mental balance, longevity, and spiritual beliefs into one, and achieving it simultaneously. It is a way of exercising that focuses on cultivating one's mind, seeking stillness while moving, and balancing hardness and softness. It takes the body, laws, thoughts, and language from Taoism and holds them in one's own body. It implements the principles of tranquility and non action, Confucianism's doctrine of the mean, and Buddhism's practice of "precepts, steadfastness, and wisdom" in martial arts, promoting the unity of "virtue" and "art". In practice, it plays a role in the fitness and health preservation value of martial arts, as well as the function of self-cultivation. The key to longevity lies in the combination of movement to protect yang and stillness to nourish yin, as well as the balance of yin and yang.
5、 Conclusion
Wensheng Quan is one of the most historically and culturally rich martial arts in Chinese martial arts, and is a concentrated representative of ancient health preservation techniques. It advocates tranquility and nature, with a focus on cultivating qi and promoting health. There is movement in stillness, softness with firmness, and it advocates following the laws of nature. It combines martial arts movements with Taoist guidance, breathing, and longevity techniques, emphasizing the internal and external unity of consciousness, breathing, and movement, and has significant health and wellness value. It is simple to learn, practical and effective, easy to promote, and has become one of the preferred sports projects for national fitness today. In the modern trend of adapting to the global health cause, the fitness and health preservation value and function of Wensheng Quan will undoubtedly make new contributions to the construction of a community with a shared future for human health and the construction of a healthy China.
September 5, 2024
作者简介：卢飞宏，字翰林，号浮来居士，别号东方飞宏，东海卢氏，飞宏子，1966年出生，大学文化，中共党员，原籍山东省日照市人，山东省临沂市公安局工作。中华文圣拳全国总会副会长、秘书长，非遗武术文圣拳第九世代表性传承人，中国民间宗教武学的开拓者和奠基者，世界华人运动会中国山东分会济宁分会副主席，中国儒释道三教合一思想和文化研究专家，山东省青少年非遗武术教育研究中心研发专家，吉林省武术科普专业委员会高级顾问。《文圣拳武学三部曲》编者，即第一部《圣拳经典》（作者：卢飞宏、张丽光），第二部《文圣论道》，第三部《大道之行》（上、下册）等约300余万字的武学巨著。
评论列表
我要评论